巴赫是最伟大的德国作曲家之一，以创作《勃兰登堡协奏曲》、《b小调弥撒曲》、《平均率钢琴曲集》以及大量的教堂音乐和器乐曲而著称。他把前人发展起来的主要风格、形式和传统概括地加以研究并汇集在一起，使之更加丰富多彩。他的先辈世代均为乐师，他的4个儿子均为作曲家，使得巴赫家族在德国音乐史上颇具传奇色彩。
About Bach
巴赫
Johann Sebastian Bach was a German composer， organist， harpsichordist， violist， and violinist whose sacred and secular works for choir， orchestra， and solo instruments drew together the strands of the Baroque period and brought it to its ultimate maturity。 Although he did not introduce new forms， he enriched the prevailing German style with a robust contrapuntal technique， an unrivalled control of harmonic and motivic organization， and the adaptation of rhythms， forms and textures from abroad， particularly from Italy and France。
Revered for their intellectual depth， technical command and artistic beauty， Bach’s works include the Brandenburg Concertos， the Goldberg Variations， the Partitas， The Well－Tempered Clavier， the Mass in B minor， the St Matthew Passion， the St John Passion， the Magnificat， the Musical Offering， The Art of Fugue， the English and French Suites， the Sonatas and Partitas for solo violin， the Cello Suites， more than 200 surviving cantatas， and a similar number of organ works， including the famous Toccata and Fugue in D minor and Passacaglia and Fugue in C minor， and the Great Eighteen Chorale Preludes and Organ Mass。
Bach’s abilities as an organist were highly respected throughout Europe during his lifetime， although he was not widely recognized as a great composer until a revival of interest and performances of his music in the first half of the 19th century。 He is now generally regarded as one of the main composers of the Baroque style， and as one of the greatest composers of all time。
巴赫的音乐是彻底的德国风格的音乐。他是一位著名的复调音乐大师。他的作品风格庄重而严谨，纯洁而虔诚。
巴赫内向、安静，终身为教会与宫廷服务，不出国门一步，生时默默无闻，死时悄然离去。正如法国音乐评论家保罗·朗杜尔所言：“巴赫创作的目的并不是为后代人，甚至也不是为他那个时代的德国，他的抱负没有越出他那个城市、甚至他那个教堂的范围。每个星期他都只是在为下一个礼拜天而工作，准备一首新的作品，或修改一首旧的曲子。作品演出后，他就又把它放回书柜中去，从未考虑到拿来出版，甚至也未想到保存起来为自己使用。世上再也没有一首杰作的构思与实践像这样天真纯朴了”！
Key words ＆ Sentences
关键词句全知道
I prefer Beethoven to Bach。
我喜欢贝多芬，不喜欢巴赫。
Here is the CD of Bach。
巴赫的CD在这里。
We felt awe when contemplating the works of Bach。
当注视巴赫的作品时，我们肃然起敬。
Bach married Anna Magdalena in 1721。
巴赫于1721年与魏亚蜜结婚。
Upstairs the bloody Englishman is practicing Bach。
楼上那个要命的英国人在练习弹巴赫的曲子。
It has been said that Bach’s cantatas represent the fifth Gospel。
从前有人称巴赫的大合唱为第五福音书。
Sometimes it sounds a little like Tchaikovsky， sometimes more like Bach。
有时听起来有点像柴可夫斯基，有时更像巴赫。
Bach’s music is harmonious and beautiful。
巴赫的音乐和谐优美。
Bach’s bones were excavated in 1894。
巴赫的遗骨于1894年被掘出。
Bach provided the world with a genius’ musical testimony of God’s glory。
巴赫提供天才般的音乐，向世界见证神的荣耀。
They included selections from Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony， an aria from Puccini’s Turandot， Bach’s cantata No169。
这些音乐包括贝多芬的《第9号交响曲》，《普契尼·杜兰朵公主》的一个咏叹调，巴赫的《169号》清唱剧等等。
Bach’s music presentations shall go throughout the festival。
巴赫的音乐将贯穿整个艺术节。
This is the last gift that John Sebastian Bach gives to Professor Cassie Mole。
这是约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫送给卡西莫尔教授的最后一份礼物。
An Australian academic claims to have found evidence to suggest that the wife of Johann Sebastian Bach wrote several of the German composer’s acclaimed pieces。
日前，澳大利亚一名学者称其发现可靠证据，证明德国著名作曲家约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫的几首名曲实为他的妻子所创作。
Bach’s music is complex and rich。
巴赫音乐复杂而又富有。
The story is interspersed with digressions on the lives of Bach and Casals， which deftly reveal how contemporary politics shaped their music， and buffeted their careers。
这些故事巧妙地揭示出两人的音乐和事业怎样受到所处政治时局的影响和冲击。
There is a music teahouse where you can enjoy classical music such as Beethoven， Bach， and Mozart。
这里有一个音乐茶馆，你可以听到贝多芬、巴赫、莫扎特等人的古典音乐。
The author researches on the Bach’s compound music from three parts。
作者从三个方面研究了巴赫的复调音乐。
Bach’s birthplace is the eastern German town of Eisenach。
巴赫的出生地是东德小镇埃森纳赫。
Let’s Talk！
开始交流吧！
Mike： Are you listening to Chopin·
麦克：你是在听肖邦吗·
Daisy： No， Bach。
黛西：不是，是巴赫。
Mike： Why are you listening to classic music·
麦克：你为什么要古典音乐呢·
Daisy： I’m so stressful at work， everyday I listen to classic music for an hour to relax。
黛西：我上班压力很大，每天我都会听一小时古典音乐来放松自己。
Mike： That’s a good idea。
麦克：这是个好主意。
Daisy： I feel it very useful； I’ve listened to a lot of classic music。
黛西：我觉得很有用，我已经听了很多的古典音乐。
Mike： Is Bach your favorite·
麦克：巴赫是你最喜欢的吗·
Daisy： Yes， his music is the best。
黛西：是的，他的音乐是最棒的。
Mike： I never listen to it。
麦克：我从没听过。
Daisy： You should， his music is music from heaven。
黛西：你应该听一听，他的音乐是来自天堂的音乐。
Mike： But I can’t appreciate it。
麦克：我担心我欣赏不了。
Daisy： You just listen to it with your heart， do not think of anything。
黛西：只要你用心听，什么都不要想。
Mike： Ok， I’ll try。
麦克：好吧，我试试。
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
沃尔夫冈·阿马德乌斯·莫扎特
奥地利作曲家莫扎特，不仅是古典主义音乐的杰出大师，更是人类历史上极为罕见的音乐天才，有“音乐神童”的美誉。他短暂的一生为世人留下了极其宝贵和丰富的音乐遗产。莫扎特总能以他超乎常人的音乐作品赢得全场惊叹，他的《费加罗的婚礼》等歌剧，都成了传颂千古的经典。
About Mozart
关于莫扎特
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical era。 He composed over 600 works， many acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic， concertante， chamber， piano， operatic， and choral music。 He is among the most enduringly popular of classical composers。
Mozart showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood in Salzburg。 Already competent on keyboard and violin， he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty。 At 17， he was engaged as a court musician in Salzburg， but grew restless and travelled in search of a better position， always composing abundantly。 While visiting Vienna in 1781， he was dismissed from his Salzburg position。 He chose to stay in the capital， where he achieved fame but little financial security。 During his final years in Vienna， he composed many of his best－known symphonies， concertos， and operas， and portions of the Requiem， which was largely unfinished at the time of Mozart’s death。 The circumstances of his early death have been much mythologized。 He was survived by his wife Constanze and two sons。
