Mike： Do you think there is some code in the picture like what is said in the story·
麦克：你觉得达·芬奇的画会像小说中说的那样隐藏着一些密码吗·
Daisy： I think it is fictitious。
黛西：我想这是虚构的。
Mike： But Da Vinci is really mysterious。
麦克：但达·芬奇的确很神奇。
Daisy： It is said the face of Mona Lisa matches the golden rectangle。
黛西：听说蒙娜丽莎的脸符合黄金比例。
Mike： That’s incredible。
麦克：太不可思议了。
Daisy： Yes， Da Vinci is also an engineer and inventor。
黛西：是的，达·芬奇同时也是个工程师和发明家。
Mike： He is a well－rounded person。
麦克：他是个全才。
Daisy： I always think art and science are incompatible。
黛西：我总觉得艺术和科学是不相容的。
Mike： But many great scientists are good at music or art。
麦克：但很多著名的科学家都擅长音乐和艺术。
Raphael
拉斐尔
拉斐尔被誉为意大利文艺复兴三杰之一，怀抱着新柏拉图主义艺术理想，以其洗练的画技，将文艺复兴的人文主义发挥到极致。虽然他留下的作品不多，其作品所展现的光华，影响后世甚远。拉斐尔从前代艺术大师们画风的技法中撷取养分，幻化出柔和、圆润、饱满的调和之美。
About Raphael
关于拉斐尔
Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino better known simply as Raphael， was an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance， celebrated for the perfection and grace of his paintings and drawings。 Together with Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci， he forms the traditional trinity of great masters of that period。
Raphael was enormously productive， running an unusually large workshop， and despite his death at thirty－seven， a large body of his work remains。 Many of his works are found in the Apostolic Palace of The Vatican， where the frescoed Raphael Rooms were the central， and the largest， work of his career。 The best known work is The School of Athens in the Vatican Stanza della Segnatura。 After his early years in Rome， much of his work was designed by him and executed largely by the workshop from his drawings， with considerable loss of quality。 He was extremely influential in his lifetime， though outside Rome his work was mostly known from his collaborative printmaking。 After his death， the influence of his great rival Michelangelo was more widespread until the 18th and 19th centuries， when Raphael’s more serene and harmonious qualities were again regarded as the highest models。 His career falls naturally into three phases and three styles， first described by Giorgio Vasari： his early years in Umbria， then a period of about four years （from 1504–1508） absorbing the artistic traditions of Florence， followed by his last hectic and triumphant twelve years in Rome， working for two Popes and their close associates。
他的圣母系列作品，更是美术史上不可多得的杰作。他的一系列圣母画像，和中世纪画家所画的同类题材不同，都以母性的温情和青春健美而体现了人文主义思想。拉斐尔以世俗化的手法，将传统的宗教题材描绘成现实生活中的理想美，称颂一般人类线性的光辉，洋溢着幸福与欢愉，更加体现了他的人文主义思想。拉斐尔的艺术被后世称为“古典主义”，不仅启发了巴洛克风格，也对17世纪法国的古典学派产生了深远影响。就美术史的角度而言，拉斐尔不仅是文艺复兴时期的画家，更为后世开启了一扇创作典范的新窗。果戈理说，拉斐尔·桑齐奥是一位崇高的艺术神化创作大师。他天才地吸收了达·芬奇的艺术精华和米开朗基罗苍劲有力的创作风格。瓦萨里认为，拉斐尔的画中人物与其说是用颜色和线条构成，倒不如说是用血和肉组成。
《西斯廷圣母》是32岁的拉斐尔在他的创作黄金期绘制的，是他的重要代表作。她给我们讲述了一个宗教故事。画面上，厚重的帷幔向两边徐徐拉开，圣母显得沉静、庄重，尽管未被神化，却也略显得圣洁化。画家也很注重表现人间的母性美。
Key words ＆ Sentences
关键词句全知道
This picture is in the manner of Raphael。
这幅画模仿了拉斐尔的风格。
Raphael was from the High Renaissance period。
拉斐尔成就于意大利文艺复兴高峰时期。
One of Raphael’s most famous paintings is The School of Athens。
《雅典学院》是拉斐尔最著名的作品之一。
Raphael understood the value of the work of others。
拉斐尔理解其他画家作品的价值。
Some visitors believe the works of Raphael are the most beautiful in the Vatican Museums。
很多游客认为在梵蒂冈博物馆中，拉斐尔的作品是最美的。
Raphael painted these people teaching and learning around the philosophers Plato and Aristotle。
拉斐尔描绘了人们围绕在哲学家柏拉图和亚里士多德身边传道和学习的情景。
Works of Raphael deeply influenced painters of the Italian Renaissance。
拉斐尔的作品对意大利文艺复兴时期的画家有着深远的影响。
Elsewhere in the Vatican are the Vatican Museums， Michelangelo’s famous Sistine Chapel， and Raphael rooms。
除了大教堂，梵蒂冈还有梵蒂冈博物馆，米开朗基罗著名的西斯廷教堂以及拉斐尔诸室。
Julius so liked the work of Raphael that he told the artist to remove the earlier paintings in the Pope’s living areas。
朱利叶斯非常喜欢拉斐尔的作品，他让艺术家把之前在教皇居住室里的画都搬掉。
The three great masters of Renaissance Europe are Raphael， Leonardo da Vinci， and Michelangelo。
欧洲文艺复兴的三大巨匠是拉斐尔、达·芬奇、米开朗基罗。
Michelangelo’s works are most drawn from the Bible。
米开朗基罗的作品，大部分取材于圣经。
They were designed from drawings by the artist Raphael and possibly his students。
这些是根据艺术家拉斐尔的作品，还有可能是他学生的绘画作品设计而成。
She was holding a child， and at her feet there were cherubs propped on their elbows， just like in the Raphael painting； only they were alive。
她抱着一个孩子，脚边趴着几个天使，就像拉斐尔的画里那样的，只不过是会动的。
An element of mystery also surrounds the origins of the painting， which appears to have been inspired by Raphael’s Renaissance fresco， The School of Athens。
然而，油画的作者是谁仍然是个谜，但作者似乎是从拉斐尔的名著《雅典学派》中获得了灵感。
Raphael’s father presented severe symptom of schizophrenia。
拉菲尔的父亲产生了严重的精神分裂症。
Let’s Talk！
开始交流吧！
Mike： Do you like oil painting·
麦克：你喜欢油画吗·
Daisy： I do not know too much about it。
黛西：我知道的不太多。
Mike： There is a lecture on painting in the afternoon， do you want to go·
麦克：下午有一个关于油画的讲座，你想去吗·
Daisy： I’m free in the afternoon， let’s go and see。
黛西：我下午有空，我们去看看吧。
Mike： Where is the poster of the lecture， I didn’t see it。
麦克：讲座的海报在哪，我怎么没看到。
Daisy： It’s over there。
黛西：在那儿呢。
Mike： The painting on the poster looks so familiar。
麦克：海报上的画看起来好熟悉。
Daisy： I think it is Saint Maria by Raphael。
黛西：我想是拉斐尔画的《圣母玛利亚》。
Mike： That’s right， only he can paint Maria so beautifully。
麦克：对，也只有他才能将圣母玛利亚画得这么美。
Daisy： He has paint a lot Maria。
黛西：他画了很多张玛利亚。
Mike： Why·
麦克：为什么呢·
Daisy： Maybe we can find out in the lecture。
黛西：也许我们在讲座中会找到答案。
Vincent Van Gogh
文森特·威廉·梵高
梵高是荷兰后印象派画家。他是表现主义的先驱，并深深影响了20世纪艺术，尤其是野兽派与德国表现主义。梵高的作品，如《星夜》、《向日葵》与《有乌鸦的麦田》等，现已跻身于全球最具盛名、广为人知与昂贵的艺术作品的行列。1890年7月29日，梵高终因精神疾病的困扰，在美丽的法国瓦兹河畔结束了其年轻的生命，是年他才37岁。
About Van Gogh
关于梵高
Vincent Willem van Gogh （30 March 1853–29 July 1890） was a Dutch post－Impressionist painter whose work had a far－reaching influence on 20th century art for its vivid colors and emotional impact。 He suffered from anxiety and increasingly frequent bouts of mental illness throughout his life and died， largely unknown， at the age of 37 from a self－inflicted gunshot wound。
