[65] " The Revolution，" I.， 158， 325. Ibid.， the affair of M. de Bussy， 306； the affair of the eighty-two gentlemen of Caen， 316. -See in Rivarol ("Journal Politique Nationale") details of the admirable conduct of the Body-guards at Versailles， Oct. 5 and 6， 1789.
[66] The noble families under the ancient regime may be characterized as so many families of soldiers' children.
[67] "L'Ancien Régime et la Revolution，" by M. de Tocqueville， p.169.
My judgment， likewise based on the study of texts， and especially manuscript texts， coincides here as elsewhere with that of M. de Tocqueville. Biographies and local histories contain documents too numerous to be cited.
[68] Sauzay， I.， introduction， and Ludovic Sciout， " Histoire de la Constitution Civile du Clergé，" I.， introduction. (See in Sauzay， biographical details and the grades of the principal ecclesiastical dignitaries of the diocese Besan？on.) The cathedral chapter， and that of the Madeleine， could be entered only through nobility or promotion；it was requisite for a graduate to have a noble for a father， or a doctor of divinity， and himself be a doctor of divinity or in canon law. Analogous titles， although lower down， were requisite for collegiate canons， and for chaplains or familiars.
[69] The Revolution，" I.， 233. - Cf. Emile Ollivier， "L'Eglise et l'Etat au Concile du Vatican，" I.， 134， II.， 511.
[70] Morellet， "Mémoires，" I.， 8， 31. The Sorbonne， founded by Robert Sorbon， confessor to St. Louis， was an association resembling one of the Oxford or Cambridge colleges， that is to say， a corporation possessing a building， revenues， rules， regulations and boarders； its object was to afford instruction in the theological sciences； its titular members， numbering about a hundred， were mostly bishops， vicars-general， canons， curés in Paris and in the principal towns.
Men of distinction were prepared in it at the expense of the Church.
- The examinations for the doctorate were the tentative， the mineure， the Sorbonique and the majeure. A talent for discussion and argument was particularly developed. - Cf. Ernest Renan， "Souvenirs d'Enfance et de Jeunesse，" p.279， (on St. Sulpice and the study of Theology).
[71] Cf. the files of the clergy in the States-General， and the reports of ecclesiastics in the provincial assemblies.
[72] "The Revolution，" p.72. (Ed. Lafont I， p 223 etc.)[73] In some dioceses， notably that of Besan？on， the rural parishes were served by distinguished men. (Sauzay， I.， 16.) "It was not surprising to encounter a man of European reputation， like Bergier， so long curé of Flangebouche； an astronomer of great merit， like M.
Mongin， curé of la Grand'Combe des Bois， whose works occupy an honorable place in Lalande's bibliography， all passing their lives in the midst of peasants. At Rochejean， a priest of great intelligence and fine feeling， M. Boillon， a distinguished naturalist， had converted his house into a museum of natural history as well as into an excellent school. . . . It was not rare to find priests belonging to the highest social circles， like MM. de Trevillers， of Trevillers， Balard de Bonnevaux of Bonétage， de Mesmay of Mesmay， du Bouvot， at Osselle， cheerfully burying themselves in the depths of the country， some on their family estates， and， not content to share their income with their poor parishioners， but on dying， leaving them a large part of their fortunes.
[74] De Tocqueville， "L'Ancien Regime，" 134， 137.
[75] Terms signifying certain minor courts of law.
[76] Albert Babeau， "La Ville sous l'Ancien Régime，" p. 26. -(Advertisements in the "Journal de Troyes，" 1784， 1789.) "For sale， the place of councillor in the Salt-department at Sézannes. Income from eight to nine hundred livres. Price ten thousand livres." - "Aperson desires to purchase in this town (Troyes) an office in the Magistracy or Finances， at from twenty-five thousand to sixty thousand livres； cash paid down if required."[77] De Tocqueville， "L'Ancien Régime，" p.356. The municipal body of Angers comprised， among other members， two deputies of the présidial， two of the Forest and Streams department， two of the Election， two of the Salt-department， two of the Customs， two of the Mint， two Council judges. The system of the ancient regime， universally， is the grouping together of all individuals in one body with a representative of all these bodies， especially those of the notables. The municipal body of Angers， consequently， comprises two deputies of the society of lawyers and procureurs， two of the notarial body， one of the University， one of the Chapter， a Syndic of the clerks， etc. - At Troyes (Albert Babeau，" Histoire de Troyes Pendant la Révolution，"p.23.) Among the notables of the municipality may be found one member of the clergy， two nobles， one officer of the bailiwick， one officer of the other jurisdictions， one physician， one or two bourgeois， one lawyer， one notary or procureur， four merchants and two members of the trade guild.
